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Papel Prensa
Papel Prensa is the largest Argentine manufacturer of newsprint, furnishing 58% of the local market in the staple.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Las metas sobre el papel )〕 The public–private partnership became the focus of one of a series of controversies between Clarín and Kirchnerism (the ruling Argentine political faction) in 2010.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Argentina Vows To Force Grupo Clarín To Roll Back Cable Prices )〕
==Establishment==
''Papel Prensa'' ("Press Paper") originated in the establishment of the Paper and Cellulose Production Development Fund in 1969 by de facto President Juan Carlos Onganía. The plan envisaged the establishment of a public-private newsprint manufacturing facility that could substitute imports of the staple, which excluding ''Papelera Tucumán'', accounted for practically the entire annual demand of over 340,000 metric tons;〔(''Presidencia de la Nación''. Papel Presa: La Verdad )〕 the nation's 179 news dailies had a combined circulation of nearly 4.3 million in 1970, the second-largest in Latin America, and the highest on a per capita basis.〔''Encyclopædia Britannica'': Argentina. 1974 edition.〕
The fund stipulated the enactment of a 10% excise tax on all imported newsprint for a ten-year priod, during which the state would retain a share in the company. A bidding process was launched in 1971 for the plant's development, though none met capacity requirements, and its construction was assigned to the Ministry of Industry. The company itself was formally established on July 12, 1972, with a 27% ownership by the state, and the remainder by a consortium led by publisher César Civita and the company he directed, Editorial Abril.〔
Civita and Editorial Abril sold their shares in late 1973 to a consortium led by banker and developer David Graiver who, through partner Rafael Ianover, became the firm's largest private shareholder.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Isidoro Graiver refuta a la Presidenta )〕 Secretly, however, Graiver acted as the investment banker for the Montoneros guerrilla group. He reportedly laundered US$17 million in funds that the Montoneros had received from illicit activities, principally kidnapping.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Graiver y los millones de los Born )〕 These investments included a variety of interests in both Argentina and overseas, and by 1976, Graiver owned a significant stake in Jacobo Timerman's ''La Opinión'' (one of the leading newspapers and the leading magazine publisher in Argentina), as well as numeous other businesses and banks in Argentina, New York, and elsewhere.〔(Gasparini, Juan. ''David Graiver: El Banquero de los Montoneros''. Editorial Norma, 2007. )〕 Graiver contracted US$67 million in debts, however,〔 and reportedly died in a plane crash near Acapulco on August 7, 1976. He was indicted for embezzlement in 1978 by Manhattan district attorney Robert Morgenthau, who believed the elusive banker to possibly be alive.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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